Your instincts are right. Here's a 1785 Caslon specimen. The Paragon size may be it:
More specimens and Caslon info at Fonts In Use.
Looks like the Great Primer is a better match (see ‘g’). Shows how much metal type could differ at each size.
I had zoomed in a bit for those samples. It seems like Great Primer was used for larger-print books. This is a link to this book itsef: https://www.google.com/books/edition/Rasselas/MZlezec-OvsC?hl=en&gbpv=0
I assume that either font would work well in a Google Slides theme I'm creating for Pride & Prejudice. I could also use this font, which I suspect is Caslon.